A Resource Guide

Genomic testing is an important tool that can reveal the unique genetic characteristics of your cancer, guiding more personalized treatment options. But knowing when and how to ask your oncologist about it can help you make informed decisions in your cancer care.

This guide provides an overview of genomic testing, signs it may be relevant to your treatment, and questions to discuss with your oncologist.

What is Genomic Testing?

Genomic testing analyzes the DNA in cancer cells to identify specific mutations or alterations that are driving the cancer’s growth. This information can help determine if targeted therapies or immunotherapies might be effective in treating your specific type of cancer.

When to Consider Asking About Genomic Testing

1. When Diagnosed with Advanced or Metastatic Cancer

   • If you have advanced or metastatic cancer, genomic testing may uncover specific mutations that could make targeted therapies an option for you.

     
     

2. If Standard Treatments Haven’t Been Effective

   • If first-line treatments, like chemotherapy or radiation, haven’t worked well, genomic testing could identify other treatment pathways or clinical trials.

     
     

3. When Your Cancer Type Has Approved Targeted Therapies

   • Certain cancers, like lung, breast, colorectal, and melanoma, are often associated with mutations that can be targeted by specific therapies. Ask your oncologist if genomic testing is standard for your type of cancer.

     
     

4. When You’re Considering Clinical Trials

   • Genomic testing results can qualify you for certain clinical trials that are testing therapies targeting specific mutations or gene alterations.

     
     

5. If You Have a Family History of Cancer

   • Some genetic mutations, like BRCA1 and BRCA2, are inherited and can increase cancer risk. If you have a strong family history of cancer, testing could provide insights into targeted treatments or preventive steps for family members.

Questions to Ask Your Oncologist About Genomic Testing

1. Is Genomic Testing Recommended for My Type of Cancer?

   • Some cancers respond particularly well to targeted therapies. Ask if genomic testing is recommended for your cancer type and stage.

     
     

2. What Will the Test Look For?

   • Genomic tests often look for mutations, amplifications, or other changes in specific genes. Understanding what the test is targeting can clarify potential treatment options.

     
     

3. Could Genomic Testing Help Personalize My Treatment Plan?

   • Ask if the test results could lead to new or different treatments, such as targeted therapy or immunotherapy.

     
     

4. Are There Any Risks or Limitations to Genomic Testing?

   • While genomic testing is safe, some tests may not yield actionable results. Ask about any limitations or potential downsides to testing.

     
     

5. How Will We Use the Test Results?

   • Results might suggest a new treatment option, a clinical trial, or continued monitoring. Knowing how the results will impact your care can help you weigh the benefits of testing.

     
     

6. Are There Clinical Trials Based on These Genomic Markers?

   • Many clinical trials require certain genomic markers to participate. If your test identifies these markers, it could open the door to experimental treatments.

How to Prepare for the Conversation

• Do Some Research: Familiarize yourself with genomic testing for your cancer type. Many cancer organizations, offer patient-friendly resources. - also see the list of resources available at knowyourgenome.co (these will continuously be updated)

• Bring a List of Questions: Having a list of questions can help you cover all bases and ensure you understand the role of genomic testing in your treatment.

• Ask About Next Steps: If your oncologist recommends testing, ask about the timeline, where the test will take place, and when you can expect results.